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NATO needs open borders for troop movement to oppose Russia


NATO's member states are willing to defend one another, and they have the troops and equipment to do so. But getting those troops and equipment quickly to their destination is a different matter altogether. In some new NATO member states, bridges and railroads are simply not suitable for large troop movements. But one thing frustrates military commanders even more: the arduous process of getting permission to move troops across borders.

"I was probably naïve," admits Lieutenant General Ben Hodges, the commander of the U.S. Army in Europe. "I assumed that because these were NATO and EU countries we'd just be able to move troops. But ministries of defense are not responsible for borders."

At their upcoming summit in Warsaw (Poland), NATO members are likely to agree to station four battalions (about 4,000 troops) in the Baltic States and Poland. But with Russia forming two new divisions in its Western Military Region (20,000 to 40.000 troops) which borders the Baltic States, 4,000 forward stationed troops may not be enough to deter a potential attack.

After Crimea, NATO sent out a questionnaire about border regulations to each member state, and the results were pretty scary. Some countries needed to recall parliament in order to allow NATO units to cross their borders. Another NATO member said they would only let 1,600 (foreign) troops on their soil, meaning NATO would not be able to use that member state (which the NATO officials would not name).

“At the end of May I had a regular Baltic defense ministers' meeting with my Latvian and Lithuanian colleagues, where we also discussed how to achieve progress in making the Allied troop movement in the Baltic region simpler and faster,” said Estonian Defense Minister Hannes Hanso. “We agreed to continue the work on simplifying the relevant procedures and regulations. Estonia has already eased its regulations about requesting the entry permissions for military vessels and aircraft.” According to the new regulations, the permission must be granted within seven working days, though Hanso says that in practice the procedure usually takes only a few days, and in urgent cases the permit can be issued in a few hours.

Should a war break out, NATO commanders would, of course be free to move their troops across NATO borders without diplomatic clearance. “All nations have signed up to these crisis-response measures, so we don't expect any hold-ups in a crisis, said a NATO spokesperson, adding that,”an early entry force will be able to deploy within a couple of hours, supported by the national forces and the rapid response force.”

The difficulty lies in the peacetime activities restricting training between member nations, something the Russians are not restricted by.

Adu Raudkivi

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