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The Language Detective: Pea meeles!

Pea meeles! This literally translates to “Hold it in the mind!” Previously in this column, we have found out that the Estonian verb “meeldima” is a tricky one to use. In common expressions, it can be disguised as a noun or work in a reversed direction. Instead of indicating what the speaker does, it implies what is done to the speaker. Why is that?

Dr. Kadri Tüür, Estonian language and culture lecturer at the University of Toronto (photo by Enlil Sonn)
Dr. Kadri Tüür, Estonian language and culture lecturer at the University of Toronto (photo by Enlil Sonn)

This is because it is a very old word. Its behavioural logic as a word in sentences is different, because it is so old. The verb “meeldima” builds on top of the abstract noun “meel.” According to the Estonian etymological dictionary that explains the origin of words, “meel” is a Finno-Permic word. The “Finno” part means that the same word with approximately the same meaning occurs in the closest related languages to Estonian which are or were spoken on the shores of the Baltic Sea 4,000 years ago. But not only there. Permic languages, such as Udmurt and Komi, also have the same word. These languages are spoken in Northern Siberia. It is estimated that the paths of Permic and Finnic people diverged about 5,000 years ago, so the common words in these languages must be at least that many years old.

So pretty much everything that has to do with human senses and thought processes can be covered with the derivatives of the word “meel.”

The meaning of the word “meel” in those ancient languages is related to inner human “software,” so to speak. “Meel” can mean thinking, senses, wits, wishes, attitude, or memory, but Votic people have also used it to refer to the human soul. So pretty much everything that has to do with human senses and thought processes can be covered with the derivatives of the word “meel.” Pea meeles!

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